Creating Strings

The most direct way to create a string is to write −

var greeting = "Hello world!"

Whenever it encounters a string literal in your code, the compiler creates a string object with its value in this case, "Hello world!'.

A string literal holds a valid UTF-8 sequences called runes. A String holds arbitrary bytes.

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {

   var greeting =  "Hello world!"

   fmt.Printf("normal string: ")

   fmt.Printf("%s", greeting)

   fmt.Printf("\n")

   fmt.Printf("hex bytes: ")

   for i := 0; i < len(greeting); i++ {

       fmt.Printf("%x ", greeting[i])

   }

   fmt.Printf("\n")

   const sampleText = "\xbd\xb2\x3d\xbc\x20\xe2\x8c\x98" 

   /*q flag escapes unprintable characters, with + flag it escapses non-ascii 

   characters as well to make output unambigous  

   */

   fmt.Printf("quoted string: ")

   fmt.Printf("%+q", sampleText)

   fmt.Printf("\n")  

}

This would produce the following result −

normal string: Hello world!

hex bytes: 48 65 6c 6c 6f 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 21 

quoted string: "\xbd\xb2=\xbc \u2318"

Note − The string literal is immutable, so that once it is created a string literal cannot be changed.

String Length

len(str) method returns the number of bytes contained in the string literal.

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {

   var greeting =  "Hello world!"

   fmt.Printf("String Length is: ")

   fmt.Println(len(greeting))  

}

This would produce the following result −

String Length is : 12

Concatenating Strings

The strings package includes a method join for concatenating multiple strings −

strings.Join(sample, " ")

Join concatenates the elements of an array to create a single string. Second parameter is seperator which is placed between element of the array.

Let us look at the following example −

package main

import ("fmt" "math" )"fmt" "strings")

func main() {

   greetings :=  []string{"Hello","world!"}   

   fmt.Println(strings.Join(greetings, " "))

}

This would produce the following result −

Hello world!